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再論術前高血壓的處理

患者入室後血壓220mmHg,該怎麼辦?

一老年男性患者,60歲,左股骨勁骨折,擬在全麻下行股骨勁切開復位內固定術,術前檢查未見明顯異常,術前訪視患者血壓為160/80mmHg,患者否認高血壓史(很可能是未知曉),認為可能是「白大衣效應」,未重視之。

次日,患者入室後行橈動脈有創血壓監測,發現血壓為220/100mmHg,患者未訴明顯不適,同患者親切交談,語言安慰使之鎮靜,血壓未見降低。於是找來上級麻醉醫生,上級麻醉醫生瞭解患者情況後,找來外科醫生協商,外科醫生的意見是做手術(旁邊的骨科主任一言不發,只是的骨科醫生有堅持做手術的意向),其他幾個骨科醫生還竊竊私語:給些藥你把血壓降下來不就沒事了。找家屬告知利害,家屬一說三不知,讓我們決定手術進行與否。

最後我同上級麻醉醫師商議決定停手術,擇日再做。理由如下:

1, 患者高血壓III級,什麼原因引起高血壓未知,有待進一少明確病因,建議科室間會診、治療。

2, 在此情況下行手術,引起心腦血管不良事件的機率很大。

3, 高血壓III級反映了患者術前生理狀態紊亂,術前準備不充分,擇期手術應把患者生理功能調至最佳狀態。

最後該手術停了,但我心裡一直有如下幾點想法:

1, 在此種情況下,患者血壓偏高,可否在手術室內給降壓藥,把血壓降至正常水平後行手術?

2, 如果不能,為什麼有的病人在病房行降壓,血壓正常後可行手術治療,而手術室內就不能降壓後行手術治療?

3, 血壓高低能否作為麻醉醫生停手術的理由?

4, 在手術前如果發現患者血壓增高,麻醉醫生可否行降壓治療?還是直接停手術?

原始連結:http://anes.dxy.cn/bbs/thread/20960500#20960500

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