歲月麻醉

Anesthesia,Joyful Life
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以證據醫學行醫

多數人以經驗行醫,有些人更因此鄙視所謂的證據醫學,那是因為不瞭解證據醫學的缺憾與限制,總認為為甚麼會變來變去,譬如2011年版的BLS,從好幾十年的ABC改成CAB,以此來笑話所謂的evidence based practice。 不過不要忘了,所謂的經驗行醫,也是一種證據醫學的一種,只是這是最低一種(比expert opinion還低),因為這是只能意會不能言傳的東西,在與他人溝通時,缺乏客觀可測量的指標,最後落得各說各話,毫無共通語言的地步。

這一期Anesthesiology有篇文章,

ED50 and ED95 of Intrathecal Bupivacaine in Morbidly
Obese Patients Undergoing Cesarean Delivery. Anesthesiology 20011, 114(3):529
指出雖然根據理論與"經驗法則",對於肥胖病人的腰麻劑量應該適度減少,但證據卻指出在懷孕的病人兩者的劑量無論是ED50,或者ED95都無統計學上的差異。同期的editorial review,
Let's just call it 「evidence-based practice.」
ANESTHESIOLOGY 2011; 114:481–2.
也指出,雖然數十年前,已經有研究釐清,腰麻的劑量與身高體重無關,還是有一些地方,因不同身高體重,採用調整式的增減局麻劑量。作者幾十年來對於剖腹產的劑量,一律採用unique dose,也不覺得需要調整劑量,而這一篇研究一出來,更加證實作者幾十年來的做法是有根據的。

值得注意的是,induction success 跟 operation success是不同的,因此,雖然在低劑量也可以達到induction success (anesthesia level 夠高),但卻不一定能operation success。


之所以需要比想像中還要大的劑量,可能的原因有:

1. 肥胖拉扯腹壁的力量較大
2. 坐姿穿刺
3. 誘導時間與開刀時間較長

最後提醒,ED95的值是用外接法計算求得,實務上,無須大於11mg的劑量。

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