歲月麻醉

Anesthesia,Joyful Life
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全脊麻:肌間溝阻滯Interscalene block


yitian8079:

肌間溝阻滯引起的全脊麻。





中年女性,既往體檢,外傷致鎖骨骨折,有頸椎損傷、臂叢神經損傷。入院後各項檢查完備,無明顯異常。
入室後,開放靜脈。行肌間溝神經阻滯麻醉。利多、布比各10毫升,共20毫升,未加副腎。
注藥前回抽,未見血。慢慢注藥。當注入16毫升時,病人訴胸悶,停止注藥。幾十秒鐘後,發現呼吸停止。馬上面罩控制呼吸,隨即氣管插管,病人沒有嗆咳反應。血壓由120/80下降到90/60,未用升壓藥物,只是加快輸液,血壓未再下降,並緩慢恢復。檢查瞳孔,散大4.5cm固定,對光反射消失。
之後,地塞米松20毫克,分兩次給予。甘露醇250毫升,冰帽。
大約90分鐘後,開始出現吞嚥反射,出現自主呼吸。
在全身麻醉下,開始手術,大約2.5小時手術結束。
患者清醒好,拔管回病房。
討論:
1、出現此併發症的原因?
2、瞳孔散大並固定的原因?
-=-=-=- 以下內容由 yitian80792009年08月20日 08:10pm 時添加 -=-=-=-
穿刺的時候是找到異感的。術後回訪,病人對開始的胸悶是有記憶的,但後來的事情就沒有記憶了。


特徵:呼吸停止,插管無反應,瞳孔放大,意識消失,血壓稍降低。

全脊麻不是永久性神經傷害,不需作腦神經保護措施,只需支持生命徵象即可!

參考文獻:

1.[Intrathecal misplacement of an interscalene plexus catheter.]

Walter M, Rogalla P, Spies C, Kox WJ, Volk T.
Anaesthesist. 2005 Mar;54(3):215-9.

2.Total spinal anesthesia after an interscalene block.
Iocolano CF.
J Perianesth Nurs. 1997 Jun;12(3):163-8; quiz 169-70. Review.

3.Total spinal anesthesia after interscalene blockade of the brachial plexus.
Dutton RP, Eckhardt WF 3rd, Sunder N.
Anesthesiology. 1994 Apr;80(4):939-41.

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