歲月麻醉

Anesthesia,Joyful Life
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Etomidate or Ketamine


所有的麻醉藥物對心血管都是抑制作用,兩個例外,etomidate, ketamine,前者是中性,後者是興奮作用,因此特別用來作為血行力學不穩動病人的插管誘導藥物。多年前,有篇editorial評論etomidate是否可以用在septic shock的病人插管麻醉,他的意見是,雖然etomidate對adrenal fuction 有抑制抑制作用,有研究甚至可長達24小時,但兩害相權取其輕,對於血行力學不穩定的敗血性休克患者,維持穩定的血壓與心跳,比憂慮事後是否會抑制腎皮質功能還要來的重要!

ketamine雖然有興奮心血管系統的作用,不過臨床上使用的經驗,有部份患者會有反向效果paradoxical reaction,也就是不興奮反抑制,血壓與心跳會聚降,而造成CPR的危境。Lancet這篇RCT,卻說,ketamine是一樣安全的藥物,把它紀錄在此,以觀後效。






Etomidate versus ketamine for rapid sequence intubation in acutely ill patients: a multicentre randomised controlled trial.Lancet. 2009 Jul 25;374(9686):293-300. Epub 2009 Jul 1. 

這裡面有一半的病人,對Ketamine來說,相對都是有禁忌的,此點,值得玩味!

Hypertension 78 (33%) 79 (34%)


Coronary disease 20 (9%) 34 (15%)


Shock                     31 (13%) 26 (11%)





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